You may have a monitor that’s good at handling massive fluctuations in refresh rate without flickering. I do not and it seems like OP doesn’t either. Zero flickering under windows. Non stop flickering in i3, hyprland, and sway. Spent countless hours trying to debug it and eventually just gave up. Maybe devs have fixed it since then (doesn’t seem like it from the post) but a year or two ago the flickering was terrible.

VRR implementations in Linux are all terrible. I’ve just turned VRR off permanently and consider it the cost of using Linux.